Role Of Legalization in Police: Analyze of Police Laws
Every citizen of a country has a responsibility to follow and abide in Laws in order to maintain public order. The three organs of government- Legislature, Executive and Judiciary strives to fulfill the rule of Law in every country. But, some of the people like to overrule the Law and create chaos and conflicts among people.
Thus, the Police force has formed to maintain Law and order. Even though, they have a pivotal role in dealing with crimes and judicial procedures, it is the duty of citizens and the government to respect them and concern about their welfare and standard of living. Every law or act is enacted by parliament to nurture and protect the basic needs of human beings. Here, let's have a little glimpse about police laws in various countries, including India.
Police Laws in USA
George Floyd Justice in Policing Act (2021):
This act was enabled in 2021 by Democrats in United States Congress. The latter act, as a human rights act, was drafted as a result of various strikes conducted because of death of Black American people. This legislative initiation was named of George Floyd, an Afro-American security guard, who was brutally died by white policemen. The main objective of this act was to enable law enforcement over misconduct of court, to reform police trainings and to make Police activities transparent.
Police Laws in UK
Police Reform Act (2002):
This act was enacted by the Parliament of United Kingdom in 2002. The latter act was made in UK to enact new provisions in supervision, functioning, code of conducts in Police force. The main objective of this act is to maintain exercising power of police forces over those who are against the public fraternity and liberty. This act has seven chapters, eight schedules and 108 sections.
Police Laws in Pakistan
Police Act (1861):
This act was enacted in 1861, in order to regulate the police force. This act explains a clear act about some of the legal terms and comes up with the Police laws prevailed in Pakistan. This act has 58 sections
Police laws in Australia
Surveillance Bill (2021):
This act was enacted in 2021 by Government of Australia promoting the intelligence department of Police in dealing with cybercrimes. This bill speaks about three warrants that helps the Criminal Intelligence department of Police to deal with the cyber data and to spy on Australians who have committed Cybercrimes and creating chaos in network.
Police Laws in India
Police Act (1861):
This act was enacted in 1861 by British government in order to regulate the Police department of the country. Even though it was enacted for the earlier India, now it is legalized by Government of Pakistan with variation in different provisions. Some of the sections which was applicable during British India period, was repealed by the Government of India. This act also mentions about the power of the President and some of the Judicial officers like Magistrate, State Government etc. This Act has 47 sections.
Police Complaints Authority (2006):
This organization was formed in 2006 as a result of the remarkable judgement of Hon. Supreme Court of India in Prakash Singh v. Union of India. This authority deals with complaints regarding to misconducting of Legal activities by the department of Police. The main role of this commission is to make the services of Police transparent and make it in a professionalized method.
Police Laws in Kerala
The Kerala Police Act (2011):
This legal legislation was enacted in 2011 by the Government of Kerala. It is defined in the introduction of the latter act as an Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the establishment, regulation, powers and duties of the Police Force in the State of Kerala and for matters connected therewith and incidental thereto. This act gives a clear definition of every institution, positions of Police and their functions and duties to the public. This act has Eight chapter and 130 sections.
Judicial Intervention in Police Laws in India
Prakash Singh vs Union of India (2006): This case was interpreted by the Hon. Supreme Court of India regarding reforms in the Department of Police. In the light of several petitions and commission reports, including Sorabjee commission report, the court find out defects in service of Police department. Thus, the Hon. Court gave approval to have a Police Complaints Authority (PCA) in district and state level who can deal with complaints regarding services from the department of Police and take necessary actions.
Vineeth Narain vs Union of India (1997):
This case is also known as Jain Hawala case. It is considered as one of the landmark judgements regarding Rule of Law. The court found out defects in investigation of CBI and other Police organizations and instructed to reform the systems to be transparent, independent and strong in investigations. The Court also ordered to have a Vigilance Commissioner Act in order to make the Police force independent and honest.
Conclusion:
The legislative initiatives given above were implemented by different government and country to reform the Policing functions of the country and to remain for the people and safeguard their rights. Because, the police force has an important role in maintain and protect them from internal and external violations of public security.
We, as the citizen of this country has a responsibility to check whether the Policing Legislations are implemented or not, with the help of Legislation. As a democratic country, we have the power of Sovereignty of selecting and removing of Representatives who serves the State and Union governments according to Article 311 of the Indian Constitution.
Let's conclude to the point of End with the words of Mr. Robert Heel, the former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom:
The police are the public and the public are the police; the police being only members of the public who are paid to give full time attention to duties which are incumbent on every citizen in the interests of community welfare and existence.
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